Conservation biological control involves modifying farming practices or the environment (habitats) to foster the natural enemies of pests (beneficials). In terms of ecological engineering, this means modifying habitats on a plot or agricultural landscape level. Biological control by augmentation or acclimatization consists in introducing beneficials. The models studied concern food, market garden and fruit crops, and cotton.

In addition to agronomy, entomology and plant pathology, other disciplines are also called upon to pinpoint the spatial and functional aspects, such as remote sensing, geomatics, landscape ecology, community ecology, ecosystem management and sociology of action.